One-off production- One of a kind item is produced that meets a customers exact requiremnts. This is expensive because of the highly skilled labour and large amount of time that is required. Painting are an example.
Batch production- A specific quantity of a product is produced. Another similar product is then produced so the machinery and workforce need to be flexible. The time in between batches when the machinery is altered is called down-time. This wastes time and therefore money. Production is also done in stages eg. poster graphics printed and the die cut.
Mass Production- Thousands of the same product is made. This is done for a mass market product like a newspaper. Each stage in production is small and repetitive to increase efficiency. This is called an assembly line. Its cheap because labour doesn't need to be highly skilled.
Continuous- It runs 24/7 because it would be too costly to stop and start the process. The process is nearly all machines and requires very little human interaction. The process is costly to set up but after that the cost per item is very cheap. Continuous production is used when a huge number of one product is needed eg. chocolate bars because they're eaten all year round and the packaging is very rarely re-designed.
Just-in-time- The manufacturer gets materials and components delivered just as they're needed. They are then used up instantly for production. This saves money by eliminating the need of storage space for materials and finished products. It also means there's less money tied up in stock that is waiting to be used.
Batch production- A specific quantity of a product is produced. Another similar product is then produced so the machinery and workforce need to be flexible. The time in between batches when the machinery is altered is called down-time. This wastes time and therefore money. Production is also done in stages eg. poster graphics printed and the die cut.
Mass Production- Thousands of the same product is made. This is done for a mass market product like a newspaper. Each stage in production is small and repetitive to increase efficiency. This is called an assembly line. Its cheap because labour doesn't need to be highly skilled.
Continuous- It runs 24/7 because it would be too costly to stop and start the process. The process is nearly all machines and requires very little human interaction. The process is costly to set up but after that the cost per item is very cheap. Continuous production is used when a huge number of one product is needed eg. chocolate bars because they're eaten all year round and the packaging is very rarely re-designed.
Just-in-time- The manufacturer gets materials and components delivered just as they're needed. They are then used up instantly for production. This saves money by eliminating the need of storage space for materials and finished products. It also means there's less money tied up in stock that is waiting to be used.
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